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Consumer Protection Act, 2019

Protects consumer interests with provisions for product liability, e-commerce rules, unfair trade practices, and a Central Consumer Protection Authority.

Versions and amendment history

Original Act, amendments and notices

  1. Original ActVersion 1Current versionLegacy – pending validationIn force · In force from the start · Published 13 Nov 2026

Official text

Verbatim from the Gazette

  1. S. 2(47) Unfair Trade Practice

    Defines unfair trade practices including false representation, misleading advertisements and non-issuance of bills.

    Obligations under this section

    • Covers false claims about quality or standard.
    • Includes misleading warranties and guarantees.
    • Bait advertising and bargain-price deception covered.

  2. S. 21 Power to issue directions on misleading ads

    The Central Authority may direct discontinuation of false or misleading advertisements and impose penalties on endorsers.

    Obligations under this section

    • Penalty up to ₹10 lakh on manufacturer/endorser.
    • Repeat offence up to ₹50 lakh.
    • Endorser may be barred for up to 3 years.

  3. S. 84 Product liability — manufacturer

    A product manufacturer is liable in a product liability action if the product contains a manufacturing defect or deviates from specifications.

    Obligations under this section

    • Liability even without negligence for manufacturing defects.
    • Covers design defects and inadequate instructions.
    • Express warranty failures included.

  4. S. 94 E-commerce & direct selling rules

    Empowers the Government to make rules to prevent unfair trade practices in e-commerce and direct selling.

    Obligations under this section

    • Mandatory disclosure of seller details.
    • Grievance officer and 48-hour acknowledgement.
    • No manipulation of price or consumer reviews.

Compliance Rules

0 rules
No compliance rules mapped for this Act yet.

Consumable API

JSON endpoints. Read access is open; no key is needed.

# Fetch the full law as JSON
curl http://backend.laac-dev.local:8000/laac-api/v1/laws/consumer-protection-2019

# Just the penalty schedule
curl http://backend.laac-dev.local:8000/laac-api/v1/laws/consumer-protection-2019/penalties

# A specific provision
curl http://backend.laac-dev.local:8000/laac-api/v1/laws/consumer-protection-2019/provisions/s247